-
1 proportionnel
c black proportionnel, -elle [pʀɔpɔʀsjɔnεl]1. adjectivec black2. feminine noun━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━✎ Le mot anglais s'écrit avec un seul n et se termine par -al.* * *- elle pʀɔpɔʀsjɔnɛl adjectif proportional* * *pʀɔpɔʀsjɔnɛl adj proportionnel, -le* * *A adj ( tous contextes) proportional (à to); être directement/inversement proportionnel à qch to be directly/inversely proportional to sth; prime proportionnelle au rendement productivity bonus.( féminin proportionnelle) [prɔpɔrsjɔnɛl] adjectif1. [en rapport avec]proportionnel à proportional to, in proportion with, commensurate withdirectement/inversement proportionnel (à) directly/inversely proportional (to)————————proportionnelle nom féminina. [processus] proportional systemb. [résultat] proportional representation -
2 scrutin
scrutin [skʀytɛ̃]masculine nouna. ( = vote) ballotb. ( = élection) poll* * *skʀytɛ̃nom masculin1) ( vote) ballot2) ( élections) polls (pl)•Phrasal Verbs:* * *skʀytɛ̃ nm1) (= vote) ballot2) (ensemble des opérations) pollscrutin à deux tours — poll with two ballots, poll with two rounds
* * *scrutin nm2 ( élections) polls (pl); ouverture/fermeture du scrutin opening/closing of the polls; date/jour du scrutin polling date/day; premier/deuxième tour de scrutin first/second ballot; mode de scrutin electoral system.scrutin de liste list system; scrutin majoritaire election by majority vote; scrutin proportionnel proportional representation, PR.[skrytɛ̃] nom masculinscrutin plurinominal ou de liste voting for a list ou ticketscrutin proportionnel ou à la proportionnelle (voting using the system of) proportional representation2. [fait de voter] ballot3. [consultation électorale] election -
3 Le Pen, Jean-Marie
(adj Lepéniste)Born 1928.Founder and long-time leader of the right-wing Front National (FN) (National Front) party. In his youth, le Pen was involved with a number of extreme right-wing youth movements, and enjoyed a reputation as a brawler. A lawyer by training, le Pen served with the Foreign Legion in Algeria during the war for Algerian independence. He was first elected to the French parliament in 1956, at the age of 28, on a right-wing populist ticket. In 1972, his rise to national prominence began after he created the National Front party. Campaigning on an anti-immigration and anti-European Union platform, the FN picked up seats in municipal, regional, parliamentary and European elections. Le Pen himself was elected to the European parliament in 1984; then in 1986 he was re-elected to the French National Assembly, along with 33 other FN deputies, when proportional representation was (briefly) introduced into the election process. Since 1994, he has always been reelected to the European Parliament.Le Pen's most remarkable achievement, however, was in 2002, when, as a candidate in the Presidential election, he scored 16.86% of the vote, becoming one of the two candidates to go through to the second round - where he lost heavily to Jacques Chirac..During his turbulent life, Le Pen has had a number of run-ins with the law, including the following examples and several more. In 1971 he was found guilty of "apologies for war crimes". In 1987 he received the first of several condemnations for inciting racial hatred. In the same year, he caused outrage by sugggesting that the Auschwitz gas chambers were merely "a detail of history". In 1991 he was condemned for "banalising crimes against humanity". In 2008 he was condemned to a suspended prison sentence for apologising for war crimes and denying crimes against humanity.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Le Pen, Jean-Marie
-
4 Krivine, Alain
(Born 1941)Once one of the leaders of the student uprising in France in 1968, Alain Krivine has remained a militant Trotskyist all his life, and a member of the extreme left-wing political party, the Ligue Communiste Révolutionnaire, or LCR. Thanks to the system of proportional representation, he was elected and sat as an MEP in the European parliament from 1998 to 2004.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Krivine, Alain
См. также в других словарях:
Proportional representation — (sometimes referred to as full representation, or PR), is a category of electoral formula aiming at a close match between the percentage of votes that groups of candidates (grouped by a certain measure) obtain in elections and the percentage of… … Wikipedia
proportional representation — a method of voting by which political parties are given legislative representation in proportion to their popular vote. [1865 70] * * * Electoral system in which the share of seats held by a political party in the legislature closely matches the… … Universalium
proportional representation — noun representation of all parties in proportion to their popular vote • Hypernyms: ↑representation * * * noun [noncount] : a system in which the number of seats held by members of a political party in a legislature (such as a parliament) is… … Useful english dictionary
proportional representation — noun A voting principle aimed at securing a close match between the percentage of votes that groups of candidates (usually political parties) obtain in elections, and the percentage of seats they receive in the elected body … Wiktionary
Mixed-member proportional representation — Part of the Politics series Electoral methods Single winner … Wikipedia
Mixed member proportional representation — Mixed member proportional representation, also termed mixed member proportional voting and commonly abbreviated to MMP, is an additional member voting system used to elect representatives to numerous legislatures around the world. MMP is similar… … Wikipedia
Southern Kanto proportional representation block — The Southern Kantō proportional representation block (Hirei [daihyō] Minami Kantō burokku (比例[代表]南関東ブロック?)) is one of eleven proportional representation (PR) blocks , multi member constituencies for the House of Representatives in the Diet of… … Wikipedia
Party-list proportional representation — systems are a family of voting systems used in multiple winner elections (e.g. elections to parliament), emphasizing proportional representation (PR). They can also be used as part of mixed additional member systems. In these systems, parties… … Wikipedia
Representation (politics) — Part of the Politics series Democracy History · Vari … Wikipedia
representation — /rep ri zen tay sheuhn, zeuhn /, n. 1. the act of representing. 2. the state of being represented. 3. the expression or designation by some term, character, symbol, or the like. 4. action or speech on behalf of a person, group, business house,… … Universalium
Direct representation — Direct representation[1] or proxy representation[2] is a proposed form of representative democracy where each representative s vote is weighted in proportion to the number of citizens who have chosen that candidate to represent them. This is in… … Wikipedia